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Clinical ethology—the study of animal behavior in a veterinary context—has shifted from a niche interest to a core component of general practice. This change is driven by the understanding that a "healthy" animal is not merely one free of disease, but one that is mentally stimulated and emotionally stable.

Understanding behavior through its function (survival), evolution, development (learning), and causation (internal/external stimuli). Clinical ethology—the study of animal behavior in a

Ethology—the study of animal behavior under natural conditions—provides the blueprint for modern veterinary protocols. When we understand an animal's evolutionary history, we can better manage their health in domestic settings. Clinical ethology—the study of animal behavior in a