Fm 31 28 Fouo Special Forces Advanced Urban Combat 1 December 1999 25 -

The document was marked , not Secret or Top Secret. FOUO is a handling caveat, not a classification. This meant the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) were sensitive but did not involve cryptographic or intelligence sources. According to declassified records, FM 31-28 was restricted because:

with the advanced skills required to operate in hostile urban environments. specialforcestraining.info Core Training Objectives The document was marked , not Secret or Top Secret

Room clearing and shoothouse drills.